Background: The clavicle bone performs a significant role in the movements of the upper limb. Clavicle is a long horizontal bone bearing two ends, i.e., asternal end, an acromial end, and a shaft. The sternal end bears an impression on its lower surface that may be in the form of a tubercle, fossae, or a depression called a costoclavicular area or rhomboid impression. This costoclavicular groove provides the attachment of the costoclavicular ligament. The mostly rough and elevated type was seen. Morphology of this area is clinically vital for the determination of age and sex and also for radiological and orthopedical points of view. Materials and methods: This study was conducted on 100 dry clavicles, out of which 50 were of the right and 50 were of the left side with unknown sex and age. In this study, rhomboid impressions were observed with variations, photographed, and compared with literature. Bones were taken from a department in a tertiary care medical institute in Punjab. Result: In this study 100 clavicles comprising 50 right and 50 left were taken and impressions were noticed, i.e., flat and smooth (FS), rough and elevated (RE), depressed and rough (DR), flat and rough (FR), and no impression. We found 18 (18%) flat and smooth (FS), 33 (33%) rough and elevated (RE), 13 (13%) depressed and rough (DR), and 19 (19%) flat and rough (FR) impressions on the clavicle. Out of 100 clavicles, 17 of them had no impressions. Conclusion: A mostly rough and elevated pattern was observed on the rhomboid impression of the clavicle bone. Knowledge of the costoclavicular impression area is clinically useful for orthopedical, radiological, and also for forensic as well as anthropological points of view.

Artificial intelligence is any intuitive software that is capable of mimicking the human brain in terms of intention, contemplation, and judgment. The field of medicine has been revolutionized by artificial intelligence. It can provide substantial improvements in all areas of healthcare from diagnostics to research. Artificial intelligence can find acceptance in the healthcare environment only if human remains the master and technology the server.

Nasal chondroma is a rare clinical condition. Imaging and histopathological examination are combined to make the diagnosis of a nasal chondroma. Surgical excision is the treatment of chondroma. While during the course of treatment, it should be kept in mind that the condition can reoccur and occasionally transform into sarcomatous changes. Therefore, close long-term follow-up is crucial for this tumor. We describe a rare case of chondroma emerging from the nasal septum in a 60-year-old male in this paper due to the unusual occurrence of the disease.

Recurrence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is a possible complication of keratoplasty done for corneal scars resulting from herpes simplex keratitis. Prognosis is often poor. A couple of months ago, a 38-year-old woman with penetrating keratoplasty operated for herpes simplex keratitis two years back presented to us with corneal oedema in the left eye with vision of counting fingers at one foot. We prescribed her topical steroids, and she improved significantly but she failed to come for follow-up regularly. Last week, she presented to us again and had unfortunately developed epithelial dendritic keratitis (stain positive) along with minimal corneal oedema. This time, we treated her with topical acivir and discontinued previously prescribed steroids. She responded dramatically well to acivir with disappearance of dendrites, within 4 days, but her corneal oedema increased again. Hence, we have started her on oral steroids along with topical acivir, mild topical steroids, and hypersol. She improved her vision from 3/60 to 6/24. She is now on regular follow-up.

Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas represent less than 1.5% of malignant tumors. They are characterized by destructive growth, recurrence, and distant metastases to the lungs. The sites more frequently affected are the extremities in 40% and the retroperitoneum in 15–20% of the cases. Case description: A 57-year-old female presented reporting a history of pain for 12 months and a progressively growing abdominal mass. The initial histological analysis indicated a diagnosis of lipoma in the mesentery, but a nuclear magnetic resonance of the abdomen showed two retroperitoneal masses. After laparoscopic resection, immunohistochemistry confirmed a well-differentiated liposarcoma and myxoid liposarcoma. One year later, the patient had a second surgical intervention due to tumor relapse, with pathology showing a well-differentiated liposarcoma. Discussion: Mixed-type liposarcoma is the most uncommon histotype. It is still an unknown entity. It shows the combined features of myxoid/round and liposarcoma well-differentiated/dedifferentiated. Also, it can show the characteristics of the myxoid subtype/round or pleomorphic liposarcoma. All these different presentations generate conceptual conflicts when establishing the protocols for management and treatment. Conclusion: Mixed-type liposarcoma represents the most uncommon subtype of liposarcoma. Complete surgical resection with negative margins remains the standard of treatment. In order to achieve negative margins, en bloc multivisceral resection and neoadjuvant therapies (chemotherapy or radiotherapy) are often necessary in selected cases.

Use of imagination and images are helpful visuals to communicate ideas and concepts in Physiology. Story telling always engages the audience. The teacher can creatively use analogies, metaphors, and allegories to communicate events in Physiology. These approaches direct attention to the many homeostatic interactions and cross-talk between organs, electrolytes, transporters. The added use of cartoons makes Physiology learning enjoyable. The students themselves can also develop their own imaginative doodles to summarize and tell the Physiology story.

The objective of the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act 1971 was to enhance maternal health by facilitating women's access to safe abortion services. In 1964, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare established the Shanti Lal Shah Committee to investigate the reasons behind the growing number of abortion cases. Following the committee's recommendations in 1970, the MTP Bill was proposed and subsequently enacted in August 1971 as the MTP Act. Recently, the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act 2021 was passed to expand the availability of legal and safe abortion services for eugenic, therapeutic, social, and humanitarian reasons, ensuring universal access to comprehensive care. The updated MTP Act acknowledges the reproductive autonomy of each pregnant woman, allowing her to make informed decisions regarding medical interventions for terminating her pregnancy.